[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/spalovaci-motor-stroj-ktery-ovladl-svet\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/spalovaci-motor-stroj-ktery-ovladl-svet\/","headline":"Spalovac\u00ed motor – stroj kter\u00fd ovl\u00e1dl sv\u011bt","name":"Spalovac\u00ed motor – stroj kter\u00fd ovl\u00e1dl sv\u011bt","description":"Spalovac\u00ed motory postavily v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed sv\u011bt doslova na kola. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou srdcem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech vozidel, od zahradn\u00edch traktor\u016f a\u017e po nadzvukov\u00e9 letouny. Prvn\u00ed typy motor\u016f se objevily u\u017e na konci p\u0159edminul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale samotn\u00e1 koncepce tohoto stroje sah\u00e1 a\u017e do temn\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku. Historie V\u00a0roce 1206 sepsal arabsk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezce spis \u201eKniha o v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a d\u016fmysln\u00fdch …","datePublished":"2020-09-15","dateModified":"2023-05-16","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/093836c6bc976bea6a4c3cd39f9136c261430c33201aa865249fef2be34e3fdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/093836c6bc976bea6a4c3cd39f9136c261430c33201aa865249fef2be34e3fdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"zetron.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a295392_w2121_t1506784844.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a295392_w2121_t1506784844.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/spalovaci-motor-stroj-ktery-ovladl-svet\/","wordCount":430,"articleBody":"Spalovac\u00ed motory postavily v\u00a0minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed sv\u011bt doslova na kola. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou srdcem t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech vozidel, od zahradn\u00edch traktor\u016f a\u017e po nadzvukov\u00e9 letouny. Prvn\u00ed typy motor\u016f se objevily u\u017e na konci p\u0159edminul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, ale samotn\u00e1 koncepce tohoto stroje sah\u00e1 a\u017e do temn\u00e9ho st\u0159edov\u011bku.HistorieV\u00a0roce 1206 sepsal arabsk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lezce spis \u201eKniha o v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a d\u016fmysln\u00fdch mechanick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch\u201c, kde popisoval klikovou h\u0159\u00eddel, kter\u00e1 je dodnes nepostradatelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u0161ech motor\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00ed krok na cest\u011b k\u00a0pln\u011b funk\u010dn\u00edmu motoru ud\u011blal g\u00e9nius Leonardo da Vinci v\u00a0roce 1509. Tehdy vym\u00fd\u0161lel motor se spalov\u00e1n\u00edm st\u0159eln\u00e9ho prachu, ale k\u00a0jeho sestrojen\u00ed nikdy nedo\u0161lo a z\u016fstal pouze n\u00e1\u010drtek. V\u00a0dob\u011b p\u00e1ry byly sestrojeny prvn\u00ed samohyby, za kter\u00fdmi st\u00e1l Francouz Nicolas Cugnot. Ten v\u00a0roce 1769 sestrojil parou poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 stroje ur\u010den\u00e9 pro arm\u00e1du. Jeho vyn\u00e1lez v\u0161ak nebyl docen\u011bn a to sam\u00e9 se stalo \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9mu vyn\u00e1lezci F.I. de Rivazovi, kter\u00fd v\u00a0roce 1806 sestrojil prvn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 motory, kter\u00e9 poh\u00e1n\u011bla sm\u011bs kysl\u00edku a vod\u00edku. Jeho d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 vozy se v\u0161ak z\u00a0nepochopiteln\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f nesetkaly s\u00a0pozitivn\u00ed odezvou. K\u00a0masov\u00e9mu n\u00e1stupu automobil\u016f a ostatn\u00edch stroj\u016f se spalovac\u00edm motorem tak do\u0161lo a\u017e o des\u00edtky let pozd\u011bji.Cesta k sou\u010dasnostiKomer\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch sklidily a\u017e \u010dty\u0159taktn\u00ed motory Nikolause Otty. Motory zalo\u017een\u00e9 na tomto principu dodnes poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed skoro v\u0161echna auta, a to d\u00edky efektivn\u00edmu spalov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva v\u00a0p\u00edstov\u00e9 komo\u0159e. P\u016fvodn\u011b stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed motor byl pozd\u011bji Karlem Benzem dopln\u011bn klikovou h\u0159\u00eddel\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 krou\u017eiv\u00fd pohyb. Prvn\u00ed patentovan\u00fd automobil se \u010dty\u0159mi koly pak poch\u00e1z\u00ed od Gottlieba Daimlera.Ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b, v\u00a0posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed 19. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lel Rudolf Diesel o \u00fasporn\u00e9m motoru, kter\u00fd by nepot\u0159eboval jiskru k\u00a0za\u017eehnut\u00ed paliva. V\u00a0roce 1894 vytvo\u0159il prvn\u00ed prototyp, kter\u00fd jej t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zabil, ale nenechal se odradit a prvn\u00ed naftov\u00fd motor byl na sv\u011bt\u011b roku 1897. Od t\u00e9 doby tento typ pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u0161echny velk\u00e9 stroje a \u010dasto i osobn\u00ed automobily.tory s\u00a0vnit\u0159n\u00edm spalov\u00e1n\u00edm budou zcela jist\u011b dominovat velk\u00fdm stroj\u016fm je\u0161t\u011b dlouh\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed. U osobn\u00edch automobil\u016f se ale \u010dek\u00e1 \u00fastup a jejich postupn\u00e9 nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed ekologicky \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi elektromotory.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.8\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Spalovac\u00ed motor – stroj kter\u00fd ovl\u00e1dl sv\u011bt","item":"https:\/\/www.zetron.cz\/spalovaci-motor-stroj-ktery-ovladl-svet\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]